Church Reform and the Crusades

TERMS & NAMES 
1. For each term or name, write a sentence explaining its significance.
• simony - selling positions in the Church
• Gothic - a new style of architecture
• Urban II - issued the first Crusade
• Crusade - the "Holy War"
• Saladin - a Kurdish warrior and Muslim leader
• Richard the Lion-Hearted - English king that led the crusades
• Reconquista - effort from Spain to get rid of Muslims
• Inquisition - a court held by Christians to suppress heresy
2. Which of the events of the Age of Faith do you think was most important to the Church? Explain.
An event of the Age of Faith that I think I was most important to the Church was the reform because the Church still follows the laws of the reform.
MAIN IDEAS
3. What were three main causes of the need to reform the Church?
Three main caused of the need to reform the Church were priest were getting married, bishops had positions in the church a practice called simony, and kings appointed the bishops.
4. Which Crusade was the only successful one?
The Crusade that was the only successful on was the first Crusade.
5. How did the goals of the Crusades change over the years?
The goals of the Crusades changed over the years by having more religious goals which gave them economic benefit.
READING GUIDE
1. The Benedictine monastery was founded at Cluny. - reforms helped them return to the basic principles of Christianity. 
2. The power of the pope was extended - the church had its own tax system, court, and diplomats. 
3. Nearly 500 Gothic cathedrals were built and decorated between 1170 and 1270. - the church was wealthily and  the cathedrals befitted from the wealth.
4. The Byzantine emperor appealed to the Count of Flanders for help. - the Muslims were threatening to conquer Constantinople.
5. Pope Urban II issued a call for a Crusade. - the goal was to conquer Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims.
6. There was an outpouring of support for the First Crusade. - Kings and the Church saw the Crusades as an opportunity to get rid of knights who fought each other and who threatened the the kingdom and Church property.
7. Four feudal Crusader states were formed, each ruled by a European noble -  the states were carved out of the land the Crusaders won.
8. Jerusalem remained under Muslim control, though unarmed Christian pilgrims could visit the city’s holy places. - Saladin and Richard the Lion-Hearted agreed to a truce in 1192.
9. In Spain, Isabella and Ferdinand used the Inquisition to suppress heretics. - Isabella and Ferdinand wanted to unify Spain under Christianity 
10. European kings strengthened their own power as a result of the Crusades - the Crusades weakened the feudal nobility.

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